Yeah, here's a quick list:
PUB sign in towns/Zozo battles (changed to CAFE for the US release)
Attack and effect magic icons (mirrored from their Japanese counterparts)
Mute spell graphic (Kanji in a circle in the Japanese release; MUTE in an oval in the US)
Second and third final battle formations (women had a bit of clothing added)
These enemy sprites:

Barb-e/Dahling/L.80 Magic/Madam: No smoke in the US release (pipe is still there)

Chadarnook: More mist added

Critic: Wears a one-piece

Goddess: Ribbons widened
You can use
this program to check the sprites quickly.

Added names; should make things even easier.

One last thing I forgot: Ted Woolsey's name added under Translator in the credits. (The Remake Planner position was already there, even in the Japanese version.)